二. 一詞多意

  考研英語對詞匯深度的考查尤其體現(xiàn)在一詞多意,一詞多性。例如light這個基礎詞匯,很多同學只知道light n.光;而這個單詞在考研中出現(xiàn)了19次,考查的意思多達5種。

  light/lighting/lighter (19次)

  【熟義熟性】n.光,發(fā)光體,燈 Light-year 光年

  【僻義僻性】lighting n.照明,照明設備,舞臺燈光

  【真題例句】At the same time the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers.[1996年Text3]

  【經(jīng)典譯文】與此同時,大城市的市政府也開始涉足實業(yè)界,為納稅人提供照明、電車及其它服務。

  【僻義僻性】a. 輕的

  【僻義僻性】Fifty years ago, the chance of a baby (particularly a boy baby) surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram too light or too heavy meant almost certain death.[2000年閱讀Text2]

  【經(jīng)典譯文】50年前,嬰兒(尤其是男嬰)存活的幾率取決于體重,輕一公斤或重一公斤幾乎意味著必死無疑。

  【僻義僻性】v. 點燃

  【真題例句】Light up the stove and you could burn down the house.[1999年閱讀Text1]【經(jīng)典譯文】把爐子點燃后,你有可能把整座房子燒毀。

  【常考短語】in the light of 按照, 根據(jù), 當作 [近] according to

  【真題例句】He explores such problem consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained.[2006年翻譯]

  【經(jīng)典譯文】他自覺地、清晰地、坦率地、探索這樣的問題:首先問事實問題,然后問到的問題,最后根據(jù)他掌握的事實和道德信息給出恰當?shù)男袨榻ㄗh。

  【??级陶Z】shed light on= cast light on

  [本意] 把燈光投射在…之上; [轉(zhuǎn)義] 詳細說明

  【真題例句】A researcher has now __48__ the mystery of why the animals die.[1995年完形填空]

  [A] paid attention to [B] caught sight of [C] laid emphasis on [D] cast light on

  【經(jīng)典譯文】一名研究者現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)揭開了動物死亡之謎。
  【復合詞語】light-hearted 1) 輕松愉快的; 2) 隨便的,掉以輕心的

  【真題例句】Often it’s the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.[2002年閱讀Text1]

  【經(jīng)典譯文】常常是你說話的方式使人發(fā)笑,因此說慢一些,并且記住揚揚眉毛或者露出一副不相信的表情都有助于顯示你在做輕松的評論。

  lighter有三個意思:1)更輕,2)更亮;3)打火機

  address在歷年真題中出現(xiàn)了10次,這是一個初中生都認識的詞匯,但是在歷年考研的歷年真題中考到了多個生僻的意思。

  【熟義熟性】n.地址,通訊處

  【僻義僻性之一】 v. 致函,寫姓名地址;

  【真題例句】Prior to his departure, he addressed a letter to his daughter. [1986詞匯第3題]

  【經(jīng)典譯文】在離開之前,他給他女兒寫了一封信。

  【僻義僻性之二】v. 向……講話,致詞

  【真題例句】Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different.[2002年閱讀Text1]

  【經(jīng)典譯文】針對不同的聽眾,要談的問題也應該不同

  【僻義僻性之三】vt. 處理,解決問題

  【真題例句】 Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are comprehensive programs that address the many needs of the homeless.[2006年完形]

  【經(jīng)典譯文】《波士頓環(huán)球日報》記者克里斯"雷迪認為只有通過全面規(guī)劃來解決這些無家可歸者的各種需求,這種局面才有可能得到改善。

  考研中??嫉囊辉~多意約有100多個,筆者已經(jīng)總結(jié)成精美的打印背誦版在考研詞匯班上發(fā)放。部分“一詞多意”:
  術(shù)語說明:
  n.=noun名詞
  a.=adj.形容詞
  v.=verb.動詞
  adv.=adverbial副詞
  熟義:熟悉的意思
  熟性:熟悉的詞性
  僻義:生僻的意思
  僻性:生僻的詞性
  Process(54次)

  【熟義熟性】n.過程,進程

  【真題例句】 The costs of globalization process is enormous.[2001閱讀Text4,65題C選項]

  【經(jīng)典譯文】全球化進程的代價是巨大的??疾┯⒄Z詞匯 考博英語試題 考博英語真題考博英語輔導 考博英語聽力 考博英語復習