專家做了一下總結(jié)，絕大多數(shù)雅思大作文話題都可以通過(guò)以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展(簡(jiǎn)稱論據(jù)擴(kuò)展十二大法則)，現(xiàn)列舉如下：經(jīng)濟(jì)(economy)、就業(yè)(employment)、時(shí)間(time)、空間(space)、心理(psychology)、生理(physiology)、環(huán)境(environment)、教育(education)、文化(culture)、科技(technology)、情感(emotion)和個(gè)人權(quán)利(human right)。

　　在此，將通過(guò)列舉一些例題來(lái)印證這十二大法則的實(shí)戰(zhàn)性。

　　Example 1

　　Some people think tobacco should be made illegal in the same way as other drugs because the products containing it are addictive. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

　　通過(guò)審題，此題問(wèn)是否同意煙草行業(yè)被取締。同意則要列舉煙草的一系列缺點(diǎn)，反之不同意，可列舉其優(yōu)點(diǎn)。我們馬上來(lái)看看十二大法則，當(dāng)然不是每一項(xiàng)都應(yīng)用，但是大多數(shù)都可以適用。

　　Advantages

　　經(jīng)濟(jì)：revenue-rising for the country and businessmen concerning this arena,

　　就業(yè)：offer the opportunities of employment in various fronts, including manufacturing, transporting, selling, governing, for residents

　　時(shí)間：killing the time

　　心理：relieve one’s pressure

　　文化：forming / shaping cigar culture

　　Disadvantages

　　經(jīng)濟(jì)：money-consuming for smokers

　　生理：be addictive to it, harmful to smokers’ health, leading to lung cancer

　　環(huán)境：air pollution, potential hazard of fire

　　空間：passive smoking / second-hand smoking

　　情感：be overly-dependent on smoking

　　用了上述辦法，擴(kuò)展出來(lái)的論據(jù)就能更加全面，有條理。

　　Example 2

　　Many people are optimistic about the 21st century and see it as an opportunity to make positive changes to the world. To what extent do you agree or disagree with their optimism?

　　通過(guò)審題，此題無(wú)非就是我們21世紀(jì)是利大于弊還是弊大于利，所以只要列舉21世紀(jì)發(fā)展的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)就可以了。我將通過(guò)之前介紹的十二大法則來(lái)進(jìn)行素材的擴(kuò)展。

　　Advantages

　　經(jīng)濟(jì)：economy be promoted, efficiency be increased

　　科技：advanced technology facilitates people’s life

　　時(shí)間：time-saving when conducting various kinds of activities

　　個(gè)人權(quán)利：human rights be laid more emphasis on

　　心理：increasing number of recreational activities to help people relieve from pressure

　　Disadvantages

　　就業(yè)：growing population,

　　fierce competition

　　心理：pressure coming from a range of aspects

　　環(huán)境：environmental pollution continuing getting worse

　　以上兩個(gè)題目都運(yùn)用了十二大原則，可見(jiàn)其具有很強(qiáng)的適用性，能夠幫助考生在短時(shí)間內(nèi)擴(kuò)展話題的素材，且較全面。在長(zhǎng)期的使用中，專家發(fā)現(xiàn)，在這十二大原則中，有些原則基本可以在幾個(gè)相近話題的題目中運(yùn)用，因此我們可以給它們起個(gè)名字“萬(wàn)能原則”，如經(jīng)濟(jì)和就業(yè)原則，則可以應(yīng)用在只要是牽涉到“工業(yè)”的話題，如smoking，tourism，mobile phones，computers，writing letters(post office)等等。老師和學(xué)生們都可以在平時(shí)的使用中做一個(gè)總結(jié)，使十二大法則能信手拈來(lái)。但是，要提醒大家的是，僅僅記住這些原則是沒(méi)用的，考生在考前一定要進(jìn)行大量的練習(xí)，而老師也要在課堂上選取典型的例題進(jìn)行講解，這樣對(duì)考生加快Brainstorming的速度和提高Brainstorming的能力才有幫助。