“The states are in financial stress,” said Debra Stewart, president of the Council of Graduate Schools. “The school systems especially are in financial stress. Teachers are no longer being provided time off to get graduate degrees, and schools are no longer funding principals to go back and get principal certificates.”

美國研究生院委員會主席黛博拉·斯圖爾特(Debra Stewart)指出：“各州均面臨財政壓力。教育系統(tǒng)的財務壓力更大。教師再也沒有休假深造的機會，學校也不再資助中小學校長回到校園里去拿資格證書?！?/div>

The next sharpest decline was in programs for arts and humanities, where new graduate enrollment fell by 5.4 percent, perhaps reflecting that career prospects for such graduates are becoming more limited as colleges lay off even tenured faculty members in these areas.

?藝術和人文學科入學人數(shù)減少了5.4%，跌幅僅次于教育專業(yè)，原因可能是此類研究生畢業(yè)后的就業(yè)空間越來越小。同時，高校正在裁減藝術和人文課程教師，連終身聘任的教師也不例外。

Health sciences, on the other hand, experienced a big increase in enrollment. The health care industry has been hiring consistently and robustly during the recession and the weak recovery.

而另一方面，健康科學類研究生入學人數(shù)出現(xiàn)大幅增長。在經(jīng)濟衰退和緩慢復蘇階段，醫(yī)療保健行業(yè)一直在大量創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機會。

The number of new graduate students studying health care rose by 6.4 percent, which was slightly slower growth than the average in the last decade. The average annual change in new graduate enrollment in health sciences from 2001 to 2011 was 9.8 percent.

醫(yī)療保健專業(yè)研究生的入學人數(shù)上升了6.4%，稍低于過去10年的平均增長率。從2001年到2011年，健康科學類研究生入學人數(shù)的年均增幅為9.8%。

Enrollment showed more tepid growth in business, which was up by 2.6 percent, and in mathematics and computer sciences, up by 1.6 percent.

商科以及數(shù)學和計算機科學研究生入學人數(shù)增長較慢，分別為2.6%和1.6%。

While overall enrollment for graduate school declined, the number of applications rose by 4.3 percent. It was the sixth consecutive increase in application volume.

雖然研究生總入學人數(shù)下降，但申請人數(shù)上升了4.3%。這是研究生申請人數(shù)連續(xù)第六年出現(xiàn)增長。

The Council of Graduate Schools did not have data on how many schools the typical applicant applies to, so it was unclear if there were more people applying in 2011 than in the previous year. But there was an increase in the number of people taking the Graduate Record Examinations (G.R.E.), a test that many graduate schools require as part of student applications.

美國研究生院委員會沒有相關數(shù)據(jù)得知本科畢業(yè)生通常會申請幾所高校的研究生課程，因此無法確定2011年的申請人數(shù)是否多于2010年。但參加美國研究生入學考試(GRE)的人數(shù)確實出現(xiàn)了增長。在美國，許多研究生課程都要求申請者參加這項考試。

As the number of grad school applications has risen, the share of those applications leading to offers of admission has been falling. In 2007, the acceptance rate across all master’s and doctoral programs was 44.6 percent, whereas in 2011 it was 40.8 percent.

?隨著申請人數(shù)增多，申請者的入學比例不斷下降。2007年美國所有碩士和博士課程的申請通過率為44.6%，到2011年該數(shù)字降至40.8%。

Women continued to outnumber men in the nation’s postgraduate programs, 58 percent to 42 percent, in the 2011 report.

在美國，女性讀研人數(shù)仍超過男性。美國研究生院委員會2011年報告提供的男女研究生比例為42%比58%。

The Council of Graduate Schools, a membership organization for institutions of higher education in the United States and Canada, based its findings on an annual survey of American graduate schools. The latest report reflected the responses from 655 institutions, which collectively award 81 percent of the master’s degrees and 92 percent of the doctorates each year.

美國研究生院委員會是面向美國和加拿大高校的會員制組織，它撰寫報告的依據(jù)是對美、加研究生院的年度調查。該委員會的最新報告囊括了對655所高校的調查結果，這些高校每年頒發(fā)的碩士和博士文憑分別占美、加兩國所頒文憑總數(shù)的81%和92%。