Scientists have isolated a unique molecular pattern that might one day enable a 'stress vaccine' to exist for real – and they found it hidden inside a bacterium that thrives in dirt.
科學(xué)家分離出一種獨(dú)特的分子模式，將來(lái)可能將“壓力疫苗”變成現(xiàn)實(shí)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這種分子隱藏在一種在泥土中大量存在的細(xì)菌中。

Mycobacterium vaccae is a non-pathogenic bacterium that lives in soil, and has shown considerable promise in health research; now, a new study may have finally figured out why.
母牛分枝桿菌是一種無(wú)毒細(xì)菌，存在于土壤中，在健康研究方面有相當(dāng)大的潛力，現(xiàn)在一項(xiàng)新的研究最終給出了原因。

The findings suggest that a specific kind of fat inside M. vaccae could be why exposure to this seemingly beneficial bacterium in ground soil may be good for us.
研究結(jié)果表明可能就是母牛分枝桿菌中一種特定的脂肪使接觸這種看似有益的土壤細(xì)菌對(duì)我們有好處的。

This work ties in with the idea of "old friends", a hypothesis that claims humans co-evolved with a bunch of useful microorganisms, and losing those ties in the modern environment has led to an increase in allergic and autoimmune diseases.
這種作用與“老朋友”的說(shuō)法有關(guān)，是一種假設(shè)，認(rèn)為人類(lèi)和一些有益微生物共同進(jìn)化。而在現(xiàn)代環(huán)境中失去這種聯(lián)系導(dǎo)致了過(guò)敏性和自身免疫性疾病的增加。

圖片來(lái)源：視覺(jué)中國(guó)

"The idea is that as humans have moved away from farms and an agricultural or hunter-gatherer existence into cities, we have lost contact with organisms that served to regulate our immune system and suppress inappropriate inflammation," says neuroendocrinologist Christopher Lowry.
神經(jīng)內(nèi)分泌學(xué)家Christopher Lowry說(shuō)：“這個(gè)說(shuō)法就是隨著人類(lèi)從農(nóng)場(chǎng)和以農(nóng)業(yè)或狩獵采集為生的生活轉(zhuǎn)移到了城市中，我們失去了和微生物的聯(lián)系，而這些微生物能調(diào)節(jié)免疫系統(tǒng)、抑制不良炎癥?！?/div>

"That has put us at higher risk for inflammatory disease and stress-related psychiatric disorders."
“這使我們出現(xiàn)炎癥和患與壓力有關(guān)的精神障礙的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增高?！?/div>

Lowry has been researching M. vaccae for years, finding in a previous study that injecting mice with a heat-killed preparation of the bacterium prevented the emergence of stress-induced reactions in the animals.
Lowry研究母牛分枝桿菌多年，在此前的一項(xiàng)研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)給小鼠注射熱休克制備的母牛分枝桿菌會(huì)避免動(dòng)物產(chǎn)生應(yīng)激反應(yīng)。

But until now, nobody was sure what was it in M. vaccae that could be responsible for such effects.
但是，在此之前，還沒(méi)人能確定母牛分枝桿菌中是什么成分有這種作用。

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翻譯：菲菲