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自閉癥？貌似很遙遠(yuǎn)？研究發(fā)現(xiàn)患自閉癥的人數(shù)要比人們想象的多很多 The new survey of children with autism is the largest and most comprehensive ever undertaken. It shows that about 560,000 children in the Untied States have the condition. Wendy Stone's child is one of them. "I'm hoping that one in 150 is alarming enough to the government and to our health care prov… 這篇材料你能聽(tīng)出多少？點(diǎn)擊這里做聽(tīng)寫(xiě)，提高外語(yǔ)水平>>

美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)意味著高中和大學(xué)畢業(yè)生面臨著就業(yè)難的問(wèn)題，如果這個(gè)在找工作的年輕人是個(gè)自閉癥患者，就業(yè)形勢(shì)會(huì)更加嚴(yán)峻。最近的調(diào)查表明，高科技領(lǐng)域是適合自閉癥患者的就業(yè)領(lǐng)域。

能使母親母乳喂養(yǎng)寶寶并更加親近，甚至能使情侶們對(duì)對(duì)方更加滿意。現(xiàn)在有研究表示這種荷爾蒙還有可能通過(guò)提高自閉癥患者的社會(huì)意識(shí)幫助他們，論文發(fā)表在《美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)》上。 People with autism or with high-functioning autism [w]spectrum[/w] disorders like Asperger’s syndrome have difficulty engaging in social situations. They rarely initiate social encounters, and often have trouble even meeting someone’s eye. They also have low levels of oxytocin. Now, given this hormone’s reputation as a [w]cuddle[/w]-inducing chemical, scientists got to wondering whether people with autism might benefit by taking it. 高機(jī)能自閉癥患者很難融入到社交情境中去，如亞斯伯格癥患者。他們極少主動(dòng)發(fā)起社會(huì)交往，而且對(duì)注視他人的眼睛感到困難，他們的催產(chǎn)素值也很低。既然這種荷爾蒙一向有使人想要擁抱的美譽(yù)，科學(xué)家們開(kāi)始思考自閉癥患者是否能從中受益。 To find out, the researchers [led by Angela Sirigu of the Center of Cognitive Neuroscience in Lyon, France] gave oxytocin to 13 patients with high-functioning autism and then monitored their attentiveness to social cues. They found that the subjects on oxytocin were more likely to make eye contact when viewing pictures of faces, and they reported feeling connected to players who were nice to them in a virtual ball toss game. These results suggest that people with autism do have hidden social skills. They just need a little hormonal help expressing them. 為了找出答案，法國(guó)里昂認(rèn)知神經(jīng)科學(xué)中心由安杰拉·西里古帶領(lǐng)的研究者們把催產(chǎn)素分給13名高機(jī)能自閉癥患者，并觀察他們對(duì)社交提示的關(guān)注。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)服用催產(chǎn)素的受試者更有可能在看臉部圖像時(shí)進(jìn)行眼神接觸，受試者還表示在虛擬拋球游戲中感到與對(duì)他們友好的選手互相聯(lián)系著。這些都表明自閉癥患者確實(shí)是有潛藏的社交技巧的，他們只是需要一點(diǎn)荷爾蒙把它激發(fā)出來(lái)。 點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入?yún)⑴c科學(xué)60秒>>>? 聲明：音視頻均來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)鏈接，僅供學(xué)習(xí)使用。本網(wǎng)站自身不存儲(chǔ)、控制、修改被鏈接的內(nèi)容。"滬江英語(yǔ)"高度重視知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)。當(dāng)如發(fā)現(xiàn)本網(wǎng)站發(fā)布的信息包含有侵犯其著作權(quán)的鏈接內(nèi)容時(shí)，請(qǐng)聯(lián)系我們，我們將依法采取措施移除相關(guān)內(nèi)容或屏蔽相關(guān)鏈接。

BLOCK, host:?From NPR News, this is ALL THINGS CONSIDERED. I'm Melissa Block. ROBERT SIEGEL, host: And I'm Robert Siegel. Colleges and universities these days are grappling with a [w]thorny[/w] new challenge. More students than ever before are being diagnosed with autism(孤獨(dú)癥，自閉癥). The influx(匯集

年輕們會(huì)說(shuō)不止一種語(yǔ)言，可不是什么新鮮事兒。但是對(duì)于32歲的穆罕默德?梅希奇可不是一般的多語(yǔ)言能力者。他可以用56種不同的語(yǔ)言流利地交流，并且聲稱能夠理解70多種語(yǔ)言。[/cn] [en]Ever since he was a little boy growing up in Tuzla, an industrial city in the former Yugoslavia (currently in Bosnia Herzegovina), Muhamed Me?i? was fascinated by languages. His exceptional talent for quickly learning to communicate in different languages was discovered by chance, when he was just 5-years-old. He was on vacation with his family, in Greece, and recalls being able to listen to their local neighbor speaking Greek and figuring out what he was saying from the situation they were in.[/en][cn]梅希奇在前南斯拉夫（目前的波黑共和國(guó)）的工業(yè)城市圖茲拉長(zhǎng)大，當(dāng)他還是小男孩時(shí)，就對(duì)語(yǔ)言極為著迷。當(dāng)他那快速學(xué)習(xí)以不同語(yǔ)言溝通的卓越才華被偶然間發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)，他才只有5歲。那時(shí)他和家人正在希臘度假，他能夠回憶起當(dāng)?shù)剜従铀f(shuō)的希臘語(yǔ)，并根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)情景理解他們?cè)谡f(shuō)什么。[/cn] [en]But that was only the beginning of his journey to mastering as many languages as he could. When he was nine, he picked up Swedish from the Swedish soldiers stationed in his town during the Bosnian Civil War, and after the conflict he went on a trip to Hungary and managed to learn [w]Hungarian[/w] as well.[/en][cn]但這還只是他語(yǔ)言精通之旅的開(kāi)始。當(dāng)他九歲時(shí)，他通過(guò)波斯尼亞內(nèi)戰(zhàn)期間駐扎在該地的瑞典士兵學(xué)會(huì)了瑞典語(yǔ)。沖突結(jié)束后，他又前去匈牙利旅行，并設(shè)法學(xué)會(huì)了匈牙利語(yǔ)。[/cn] [en]Before long, his family realized that there was something special about Muhamed. The doctors who examined him concluded that it was his Asperger’s Syndrome (a light form of Autism) that allowed him to pick up new foreign languages so easily, sometimes [w]unintentionally[/w]. He recalls that one time, a friend asked him to learn Latvian so he could accompany him on a business trip, and he was able to become fluent in the Baltic language in just 2 weeks, with the help of YouTube, two books and 43 cartoons.[/en][cn]不久之后，他的家人覺(jué)察到了他的天賦。醫(yī)生檢查后得出結(jié)論，他患上了阿斯伯格綜合征（輕度自閉癥），這種疾病使得他能夠輕松地、有時(shí)無(wú)意識(shí)地掌握新的外語(yǔ)。他回憶說(shuō)，有一次一位朋友希望他學(xué)習(xí)拉脫維亞語(yǔ)，以便陪其一同出差。于是在YouTube、2本書(shū)、以及43本卡通的幫助下，他在短短2周內(nèi)就掌握了一口流利的波羅的語(yǔ)。[/cn] [en]But despite his [w]remarkable[/w] ability to pick up foreign languages with ease, Muhamed Me?i? is also 100% dedicated to his passion for languages and dedicates almost all of his time to studying and practicing them. Muhammed says that he hardly has any free time, which is tough for a 32-year-old, but at the same time, dedicating himself to his passion makes him feel happy and fulfilled.[/en][cn]不過(guò)，盡管梅希奇具有輕松學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的卓越能力，他還是100％身心投入于語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)中，并奉獻(xiàn)出幾乎所有的時(shí)間用于學(xué)習(xí)與實(shí)踐。他幾乎沒(méi)有任何空閑時(shí)間，這對(duì)于一個(gè)32歲的人來(lái)可不容易，但與此同時(shí)，能夠投身于自己的熱枕，也使他感到快樂(lè)與滿足。[/cn] [en]Today, Muhamed Me?i? speaks an impressive 56 different languages, from common ones like English or Portuguese, to Japanese and Georgian, and even tongues that most of us have never even heard of, like Kinyarwanda (official language of Rwanda) or Quechua (the language of the indigenous people of the central Andes of South America). Some of them he rarely gets to practice in real life, but that doesn’t make them any less important.[/en][cn]如今，梅希奇會(huì)講56種不同的語(yǔ)言，從大眾語(yǔ)言如英語(yǔ)或葡萄牙語(yǔ)，到日語(yǔ)和格魯吉亞語(yǔ)，甚至還有我們大多數(shù)人從來(lái)沒(méi)有聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的語(yǔ)言，例如盧旺達(dá)語(yǔ)和蓋丘亞語(yǔ)（南美洲中部安第斯山脈的土著語(yǔ)）。其中一些語(yǔ)言他在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中很少用到，但這并不代表它們不那么重要。[/cn] [en]56 sounds like an awful lot, but Muhamed claims that the more languages you speak, the easier it is to learn new ones, because many of them have quite a lot of similarities.[/en][cn]56種語(yǔ)言聽(tīng)起來(lái)似乎多得嚇人，但梅希奇解釋道，你會(huì)說(shuō)的語(yǔ)言越多，就越容易學(xué)習(xí)新的語(yǔ)言，因?yàn)槠渲杏性S多相似之處。[/cn] 聲明：本雙語(yǔ)文章的中文翻譯系滬江英語(yǔ)原創(chuàng)內(nèi)容，轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。中文翻譯僅代表譯者個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，僅供參考。如有不妥之處，歡迎指正。

下面一起來(lái)看看本期TED演講吧！~ 視頻簡(jiǎn)介： 這次的演講者患有亞斯伯格癥候群，一種高功能自閉癥。她曾經(jīng)自卑膽小，能走上TED講臺(tái)對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)是一條艱難和漫長(zhǎng)的路。 這次她和大家分享她的一些糟糕的經(jīng)歷，同時(shí)告訴大家其實(shí)很多自閉癥患者擁有天才般的想法和創(chuàng)意，但往往因?yàn)闇贤ㄕ系K，這些優(yōu)秀的思想經(jīng)常沒(méi)能被共享，他們也常常被忽略，被欺負(fù)。 她希望能改變這種狀況，讓世界能看到他們的才能，也呼吁全社會(huì)給他們勇氣來(lái)追逐自己的夢(mèng)想。

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