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在那所大學(xué)教書就滿20年了。 ? 三、間接引語與過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 在間接引語中，若主句為過去時(shí)態(tài)，則用于賓語從句中的間接引語則要把將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)改為過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。如： I know by this time next week you’ll have been working here for 30 years. →I knew by that time he would have been working there for 30 years. She will have been teaching in this university for 20 years by this summer. →She told me she’d have been teaching in that university for 20 years by that summer. ? 怎么樣，看完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是英語時(shí)態(tài)中比較常見的一種，但是，大家對(duì)它的用法可能還是不太了解。今天，小編為大家準(zhǔn)備了相關(guān)的語法知識(shí)，將要為大家來講解一下：過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的概念和用法，一起來看看吧！ ? 一、過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法 過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表動(dòng)作從過去某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到過去將來某一時(shí)間。動(dòng)作是否繼續(xù)下去，由上下文決定。如： I heard by July you’d have been teaching here for ten years. 我聽說到七月份，你就在這里教了10年書了。 ? 二、過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成 過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由“would have been+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。如： He said that by the end of the spring term he would have been studying English for three years. 他說到了春季學(xué)期末，他就學(xué)了三年英語了。 I knew by that time he would have been working there for 30 years. 我知道到那時(shí)他他就在那兒工作滿30年了。 She told me she’d have been teaching in that university for 20 years by that summer. 她告訴我到年年夏天她在那所大學(xué)教書就滿20年了。 ? 三、間接引語與過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 在間接引語中，若主句為過去時(shí)態(tài)，則用于賓語從句中的間接引語則要把將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)改為過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。如： I know by this time next week you’ll have been working here for 30 years. →I knew by that time he would have been working there for 30 years. She will have been teaching in this university for 20 years by this summer. →She told me she’d have been teaching in that university for 20 years by that summer. ? 怎么樣，看完了這篇文章，大家是不是對(duì)過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法有了初步的了解了呢？喜歡就趕快收藏起來吧~

行時(shí)表示某人的企圖、意愿，例如： He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.（He was trying to study it） 他一直在研究這句諺語的意思。 3、過去完成時(shí)表示未得結(jié)果，例如： We had been studying what our enemy had said，but we were not able to understand it. 我們一直再研究我們的敵人說的話，但是，我們還是不能理解它。 4、過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示最近情況，例如： He had been quarreling with his wife lately. 最近，他一直和他的妻子吵架。 5、過去完成進(jìn)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示的是過去一段時(shí)間里一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，這個(gè)動(dòng)作很有可能一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)，它除了我們平常經(jīng)常用到的表示過去某段時(shí)間一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作外，它還有別的特殊的含義， 1、過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示尚未完成的動(dòng)作，例如： He had been writing the novel （He had not finished it yet） 他一直在寫小說。 Tom had been studying English hardly. 湯姆一直努力學(xué)習(xí)英語。 2、過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示某人的企圖、意愿，例如： He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.（He was trying to study it） 他一直在研究這句諺語的意思。 3、過去完成時(shí)表示未得結(jié)果，例如： We had been studying what our enemy had said，but we were not able to understand it. 我們一直再研究我們的敵人說的話，但是，我們還是不能理解它。 4、過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示最近情況，例如： He had been quarreling with his wife lately. 最近，他一直和他的妻子吵架。 5、過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示反復(fù)的動(dòng)作，例如： He had been asking me the same question many times. 很多次，他一直問我同樣的問題。 6、過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示人的情緒等，例如： What had he been doing？ 他一直在干嘛？

完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過去某一時(shí)行時(shí)，它所表示的是生活在這里的這一動(dòng)作從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始已經(jīng)持續(xù)了很久，但是是否會(huì)繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去，則要結(jié)合上下文來分析。 而過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)： She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam. 她在考試之前一直患重感冒。 關(guān)于過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)還有以下幾點(diǎn)特別含義需要童鞋們?cè)趯?shí)際運(yùn)用中加以關(guān)注： 1. 尚未完成： He had been editing the his book．（他沒有完成編輯書本） 2. 企圖： He had been studying the theories of this architecture．（他一直在努力學(xué)習(xí)這個(gè)建筑的建設(shè)原理) 3、未得結(jié)果： We had been studying what our enemy had said．（但我們不能理解） 3. 最近情況： He had been quarrelling with his wife.（近來） 4. 反復(fù)動(dòng)作： He had been asking me the same question．（多次，常常） 5. 情緒： What had he been doing？（不耐煩）

:are;having 2.Polly____(not eat) a banana now. 答案： 1.D not eating 以上就是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法了，大家都學(xué)到了沒有？現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)雖然是基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，但難度并沒有想象中那么低，一直到英語的深入學(xué)習(xí)階段都是必考的重點(diǎn)，所以學(xué)習(xí)者們一定要注意夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，不要放過任何一個(gè)小細(xì)節(jié)。最后，祝大家英語考試取得理想的成績(jī)。

行時(shí)混淆。 　　現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) (The present perfect progressive) 由 have/has been +-ing 分詞構(gòu)成； 過去完成進(jìn)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)行時(shí)（ The past perfect progressive tenses ）由 had been +-ing 分詞構(gòu)成． ? 怎么樣，看完了這篇文章，大家是不是對(duì)過去完成時(shí)的用法有了初步的了解了呢？喜歡就趕快收藏起來吧~

行時(shí)的句子等同于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子。 　　They have been living in this city for ten years. 　　They have lived in this city for ten years. 　　他們?cè)谶@個(gè)城市已經(jīng)住了10年了。 　　I have been working here for five years. 　　I have worked here for five years. 　　我在這里已經(jīng)工作兩年了。 (四)大多數(shù)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子不等同于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子。 　　I have been writing a book.(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)我一直在寫一本書。 　　I have written a book.(動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成)我已經(jīng)寫了一本書。 　　They have been building a bridge.他們一直在造一座橋。 　　They have built a bridge.他們?cè)炝艘蛔鶚颉?(五)表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，并且還將持續(xù)下去。 　　The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.中國(guó)有2000年的造紙歷史。(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去) 　　I have been learning English since three years ago.自從三年前以來我一直在學(xué)英語。(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去) (二)表示在說話時(shí)刻之前剛剛結(jié)束的動(dòng)作。 　　We have been waiting for you for half an hour.我們已經(jīng)等你半個(gè)鐘頭了。(動(dòng)作不再繼續(xù)下去) (三)有些現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子等同于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子。 　　They have been living in this city for ten years. 　　They have lived in this city for ten years. 　　他們?cè)谶@個(gè)城市已經(jīng)住了10年了。 　　I have been working here for five years. 　　I have worked here for five years. 　　我在這里已經(jīng)工作兩年了。 (四)大多數(shù)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子不等同于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子。 　　I have been writing a book.(動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去)我一直在寫一本書。 　　I have written a book.(動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成)我已經(jīng)寫了一本書。 　　They have been building a bridge.他們一直在造一座橋。 　　They have built a bridge.他們?cè)炝艘蛔鶚颉?(五)表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 　　I have known him for years.我認(rèn)識(shí)他已經(jīng)好幾年了。 　　* I have been knowing... 　　這類不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞還有：love愛，like喜歡，hate討厭，等。

完成時(shí)用來表示在將來某一時(shí)間以前已經(jīng)完成或一直持續(xù)的動(dòng)作。經(jīng)常與before+將來時(shí)間或by+將來時(shí)間連用，也可與before或by the time引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在時(shí)行時(shí)由“will / shall have been+現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)”構(gòu)成，通常還會(huì)有其他狀語成分表示時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短。 ? 二、用法歸納 用法一：表示動(dòng)作從某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到將來某一時(shí)間，至于是否繼續(xù)下去，要視上下文而定。如： She will have been having treatment all her life.?[cn]她將終生受到治療。[/cn] By the end of next month he will have been here for ten years.?[cn]到下月底，他在這兒就夠十年了。[/cn] By this time next year, we will have been doing business with each other for 20 years. [cn]到明年這時(shí)候，我們的業(yè)務(wù)住來就滿20年了。[/cn] By the end of this year he’ll have been acting for thirty years. [cn]到今年年底他當(dāng)演員就滿30年了。[/cn] ? 用法二：表示一種經(jīng)常性

用得相對(duì)比較少，通常主要用于轉(zhuǎn)述方面，即用于間接引語中。結(jié)構(gòu)如下： 過去將來完成時(shí)由“would+have+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。 二、 通過例句來簡(jiǎn)單辨析一下 ①“He told me that I should have written down all the details yesterday.” 他告訴我說，我昨天應(yīng)該記錄下所有的細(xì)節(jié)。 ②“He said he would have been living in this thriving city for 13 years by the next year” 他說，到下一年，他就在這個(gè)欣欣向榮的城市生活了13年之完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過去某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到對(duì)于過去來說的將來某一時(shí)間，動(dòng)作是否繼續(xù)下去，由上下文決定。 過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)有三種： 肯定形式should/would have been + v-ing構(gòu)成； 否定形式should/would+not have been + v-ing； 疑問形式是將should/would提前。 過去將來完成時(shí)（The Past Future Perfect Tense）表示從過去觀點(diǎn)看將來某時(shí)某動(dòng)作已完成。這時(shí)態(tài)在日常中用得相對(duì)比較少，通常主要用于轉(zhuǎn)述方面，即用于間接引語中。結(jié)構(gòu)如下： 過去將來完成時(shí)由“would+have+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。 二、 通過例句來簡(jiǎn)單辨析一下 ①“He told me that I should have written down all the details yesterday.” 他告訴我說，我昨天應(yīng)該記錄下所有的細(xì)節(jié)。 ②“He said he would have been living in this thriving city for 13 years by the next year” 他說，到下一年，他就在這個(gè)欣欣向榮的城市生活了13年之久了。 解析：首先例句1，表示的是過去將來完成時(shí)。它表示的是在過去看來，“記下細(xì)節(jié)”這個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。而例句2表示的是過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，它所表示的是生活在這里的這一動(dòng)作從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始已經(jīng)持續(xù)了很久，但是是否會(huì)繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去，則要結(jié)合上下文來分析。

行時(shí)表將來] 有這種用法的動(dòng)詞或短語有：come, go, start, leave, take off, fly, see off, meet, get(to), arrive, stay, return, take等。 例1 Mr. Ma is coming. 馬老師要來了。 例2 I am leaving Washington for New York. 我馬上要離開華盛頓到紐約去了。 你仔細(xì)體會(huì)一下，這些動(dòng)詞都是表示“來，去”之類的瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞。 所以不能說I'm being a teacher ? 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法： a. 表示現(xiàn)在（指說話人說話時(shí)）正在發(fā)生的事情。例如： We are waiting for you. 我們正在等你。 b. 習(xí)慣進(jìn)行：表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作，說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。例如： Mr. Green is writing another novel.　他在寫另一部小說。（說話時(shí)并未在寫，只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。） c. 表示漸變，這樣的動(dòng)詞有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如： The leaves are turning red. 葉子在變紅。 It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越來越熱了。 d. 與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。例如： You are always changing your mind. 你老是改變主意。 典型例題 My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it. A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found. 答案D. 前句是一個(gè)仍在持續(xù)的狀態(tài)，應(yīng)用進(jìn)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示正在進(jìn)行動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。這個(gè)是大家在中學(xué)時(shí)期就知道的，今天，小編為同學(xué)們帶來了相當(dāng)豐富的與英語現(xiàn)在行時(shí)，由于沒有找到，其影響仍然存在，應(yīng)用完成時(shí)，瞬間動(dòng)詞用于否定式時(shí)可用于完成時(shí) ? 怎么樣，看完了小編給大家準(zhǔn)備的語法知識(shí)，有沒有感覺收獲頗多呢？喜歡就收藏起來吧~

完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)的用法很相近，它通常表示某個(gè)過去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，持續(xù)到過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻，還未完成，一直持續(xù)到之后才結(jié)束。 過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句型是主語+had+been+doing something.例如： 1. He had been waiting for two months． 他已經(jīng)等了兩個(gè)月了。 2. Up to that time he had been reading those books． 直到那時(shí)他一直在讀這些書。 3. He had been doing homework till ten o'clock． 他一直在寫功課到十點(diǎn)鐘。 4. He had been smoking since he was sixteen． 他從十六歲開始就一直吸煙。 5. He had been sitting there for long time under the tree． 他一直坐在樹下面很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。 6. When he came in，he had been thinking about this question ． 當(dāng)他進(jìn)來時(shí)，他就一直思考著這個(gè)問題。 7. He had been taking care of her two years． 他照顧她兩年了。 8. He had been running for three hours． 他