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完成進行時，其基本構成為：“主語+shall/will+have+been+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他成分”。這里的將來成

完成時和過去完成進行時是在考試中屬于經(jīng)常會考到的考點，今天小編給大家系統(tǒng)的介紹一下這兩個重要考點，如果你還想系統(tǒng)的了解英語時態(tài)，可以關注：英語語法能力大突破之玩轉句法 過去完成式 過去完成式的形式如下： had + past participle 過去完成式是不能單獨用的。我們用的時候，必須有另一個事件。也就是說，假如我們有兩件事 A 和 B，兩件事都發(fā)生在過去，但 A 發(fā)生在 B 以前，A 應該用過去完成式，B 則用過去式。以下是幾個例子： （1） 他到臺灣以前，曾學過中文。 He had studied Chinese before he came to Taiwan. （2） 他念大學以前，曾前工作過。 He had worked before he decided to go to college. （3） 我寫這篇有關愛爾蘭的小說以前，曾去過愛爾蘭。 I had been to Ireland before I wrote this book about Ireland's people. （4） 我在上大學以前，已經(jīng)學過微積分。 I had studied calculus before I got into college. （5） 周一以前，已經(jīng)下過雪了。 It had already snowed before Monday. 如果我們要強調較早發(fā)生事件的連續(xù)性，我們可以用過去完成進行式。占去完成進行式和現(xiàn)在進行式惟一不同的地方是 verb to have 的地方一定要用had 。以下是一些過去完成進行式的例子： 1. I had been watching TV before you called me. 2. I had been working hard in a company for many years before I went to college. 3. He had been studying before he went to class. 4. He had been driving all day before he went to sleep. 過去完成時 1） 概念：表示過去的過去 ----|-------|-----|---->其構成是had +過去分詞構成。 那時以前 那時 現(xiàn)在 2） 用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞后的賓語從句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 狀語從句 在過去不同時間發(fā)生的兩個動作中，發(fā)生在先，用過去完成時；發(fā)生在后，用一般過去時。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3) 過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 過去完成進行時 形式： I （or You，He，John，They，Those men） had been studying． 770 過去完成進行時與過去完成時的用法很相近，它通常表示一個持續(xù)到過去某時的動作： He had been waiting for two weeks． He was still waiting．（有一個表示一段時間的狀語） Up to that time he had been translating those books．（He was still translating at “that time”．） He had been writing the letter till two o'clock． He was now thirty years old．He had been gambling since he was ten．（He was still gambling at thirty．） He had been standing there in the sun．（沒有時間狀語） He had been thinking about his marriage． 不過這個時態(tài)并不一定表示這個過去動作將持續(xù)下去： He came back at seven．He had been waiting for her two hours．（At seven he did not wait any more．） He stopped swimming．He had been swimming for the last three hours． 另一方面，這個時態(tài)也和現(xiàn)在完成進行時一樣，也可有一些特別的含義： 1）尚未完成： He had been writing the novel．（He had not finished it yet．） 2）企圖： He had been studying the meaning of this proverb．（He was trying to study it．） 3）未得結果： We had been studying what our enemy had said．（But we were not able to understand it．） 4）最近情況： He had been quarrelling with his wife．（lately） 5）反復動作： He had been asking me the same question．（Many times） 6）情緒： What had he been doing？（不耐煩） 這個時態(tài)很少用在否定句中，而多以過去完成時代替： He had not practised English for many years．（普通說法） He had not been practising English for many years．（少見） 這個時態(tài)還可用在said，supposed等引起的間接引語中，代替現(xiàn)在完成進

行時表示動作從某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到將來某一時間。這個時態(tài)常和表示將來某一時間的狀語連用。 ? ? ? 4、其構成為:主語+shall/will+助動詞have+been+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他成分。主語+ shall/will have been doing.例如： ? ? ? 1)I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year. ? ? ? 到今年年底，我將在這個工廠工作20年了 ? ? ? 2)If we don't hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there. ? ? ? 咱們如不快一點兒，等我們到了那兒，店門就會關了。 ? ? ? 3)The play is coming off in August. By then the play will have been running for three months. ? ? ? 這個劇將于8月停演。到那時為止，這個劇將連演三個月了。 ? ? ? 5、將來完成進進行時與將來完成進行時的區(qū)別有哪些呢？ ? ? ? 1、將來進行時主要表示將來某一時間正在進行的動作，或表示要在將來某一時間開始，并繼續(xù)下去的動作。一般用延續(xù)性動詞表示。常用來表示禮貌的詢問、請求等。 ? ? ? 2、將來進行時常用的時間狀語有soon, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening等等。它表示的是一種客觀的制約，而不是主觀意愿。 ? ? ? 3、在英語時態(tài)中，將來完成進行時是動詞的一種基本時態(tài)，將來完成進行時表示動作從某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到將來某一時間。這個時態(tài)常和表示將來某一時間的狀語連用。 ? ? ? 4、其構成為:主語+shall/will+助動詞have+been+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他成分。主語+ shall/will have been doing.例如： ? ? ? 1)I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year. ? ? ? 到今年年底，我將在這個工廠工作20年了 ? ? ? 2)If we don't hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there. ? ? ? 咱們如不快一點兒，等我們到了那兒，店門就會關了。 ? ? ? 3)The play is coming off in August. By then the play will have been running for three months. ? ? ? 這個劇將于8月停演。到那時為止，這個劇將連演三個月了。 ? ? ? 5、將來完成進行時強調動作過程在另一動詞之前的長度。將來進行時則強調將來進行的動作狀態(tài)。同時，請注意兩者的基本構成:be 和 have been 的區(qū)別。

行時由“will / shall have been+現(xiàn)在分詞”構成。 By the end of this year he’ll have been acting for thirty years. 到今年年底他當演員就滿30年了。 I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year. 到今年年底，我在這個工廠工作就有20年了。 ? 三、將來完成進行時的情態(tài)意義 “will / shall have been+現(xiàn)在分詞”結構除表示將來完成進完成進行時的用法 將來完成進行時表示某一動作從某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到將來某一時間（即說話者人提及的時間），是否繼續(xù)下去，要視上下文而定。如： By this time next week, I will have been working for this company for 24 years. 到下星期此刻，我已經(jīng)為該公司干了24年了。 If we don’t hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there. 咱們若不快一點兒，等我們到了那兒，店門就會關了。 ? 二、將來完成進行時的構成 將來完成進行時由“will / shall have been+現(xiàn)在分詞”構成。 By the end of this year he’ll have been acting for thirty years. 到今年年底他當演員就滿30年了。 I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year. 到今年年底，我在這個工廠工作就有20年了。 ? 三、將來完成進行時的情態(tài)意義 “will / shall have been+現(xiàn)在分詞”結構除表示將來完成進行時外，有時其中的 will 也可能是情態(tài)動詞，具有情態(tài)意義，比較表示推測或猜想等。如： They will have been having a holiday yesterday. 他們昨天大概是在度假。 You’ll have been wondering all this time how my invention works. 我想你這些時候一直想知道我的發(fā)明怎樣會行得通的。 ? 四、將來完成進行時是一個較少用到的時態(tài)，往往由將來完成時取代。

完成進行時】，這一語言點在最近的考試中也有所考查。將來完成進行時的典型句型結構為人稱+ will/shall +?have +?been +?doing再加其他時間狀語成分，用來表示在將來某個時間點前一直持續(xù)的動作，首先讓我們來看一個例題： 例：By the time you arrive this evening, ____ for two hours. 　A.I will study ?B.I will have been studied ?C.I had studied ?D.I will have been studying 　　【答案】D。本句的意思是：到今晚你來的時候，我就已經(jīng)學習了兩個小時了。將來完成進行時強調的是在某個時間點之前一直進行或持續(xù)的動作，在本題中，應該選D。 接下來，就趁著這個勁頭來做幾個選擇題吧！ 1.?By Friday midday, they __________________ on it for seven days. 本句意為：到星期五中午，他們就在這個工程上干了7天了。 ? ? have been working ? work? ? ? been studied ? ? ? ? have been studied 2.?Tom and Karen

行時之后也可接具有"突然"之意的when分句。 二、將來完成時的用法有以下幾點： 1、構成：will/shall have +過去分詞 1）We hope it will have stopped raining before we set off for the picnic. 我們希望在出發(fā)去野餐以前雨就已經(jīng)停了。 2）I'll have done all the work by the time you are back this evening. 你們今晚回來的時候我就將做完所完成進行時容易和將來完成時混淆，從而導致在考試中把時態(tài)選錯，造成有的工作了。 2、用法： 1. 表示在將來某一時刻將完成或在另一個未來的動作發(fā)生之前已經(jīng)完成的動作。注意：常與將來完成時連用的時間狀語有： by (the time / the end of ) + 表示將來時間的短語和句子； before (the end of ) + 表示將來時間的詞語或句子； when, after等加上表示將來動作的句子等。 例如： 1）By the year 2050, scientists probably will have discovered a cure for cancer. 到2050年，科學家們可能已經(jīng)找到治愈

行時的被動態(tài)。基本形式：should/would have been being done. 請看例句： 1. He said the trees would have been being planted on March 12th on the mountain this year by the students, because the school had already decided. 他說今年3月12日會有很多樹苗被學生種下，因為學校已經(jīng)決定這項活動了。 2. She said that by the end of last weekend, the book would have been being read for 2 weeks. 她說直到上周末，這本書就已經(jīng)被讀了兩周了。 3. This topic would have been being considered for a month. 這個話題已經(jīng)被考慮了1個月了。 4. Tom's room would have been being cleaned. 湯姆的房間會被打掃。 5. The play would have been being performed for 2 hours. 這場表演會持續(xù)兩小時。 6. Up to that time those books had been being translated. 直到那時，這些書還在被翻譯。 7. The letter had been being written till two o'clock. 寫這封信寫到了2點。 由基本形式轉完成進行時換為被動態(tài)還是挺簡單的，不過這里需要注意的是被動態(tài)的形式為should/would have been being done。請不要和過去將來完成時的被動態(tài)would + have + been + done混淆。前者為持續(xù)性動作，而后者并無持續(xù)性的意思。

完成進行時是比較難掌握和理解的一種時態(tài)，但是，它在我們英語學習中占著很重要的位置，也是我們學好語法的一個因素，現(xiàn)在，讓我們一起來看看過去完成進行時和過去完成時在英語學習應用的主要區(qū)別： 過去完成式的形式如下：主語+had+過去分詞(done) 1、肯定句：主語+had+過去分詞+其他. 2、否定句：主語+had+not+過去分詞+其他. 3、一般疑問句：Had+主語+過去分詞+其他? 肯定回答：Yes,主語+had 否定回答：No,主語+hadn't 4、特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞或詞組+一般疑問句（Had+主語+過去分詞+其他）? 5、被動語態(tài)：主語+had（hadn't)+been+過去分詞+其他 二、一般情況下，在含有過去完成時的句子中，有一前一后兩個事情，發(fā)生在前的事情用過去完成時，發(fā)生在后的事情則用過去時。例如： 1.他到臺灣以前，曾學過中文。 He had studied Chinese before he came to Taiwan. 2.他念大學以前，曾前工作過。 He had worked before he decided to go to college. 3.我寫這篇有關愛爾蘭的小說以前，曾去過愛爾蘭。 I had been to Ireland before I wrote this book about Ireland's people. 4.我在上大學以前，已經(jīng)學過微積分。 I had studied calculus before I got into college. 5. 周一以前，已經(jīng)下過雪了。 It had already snowed before Monday. 三、如果我們要強調較早發(fā)生事件的連續(xù)性，我們可以用過去完成進行式。過去完成進行時和過去完成時惟一不同的地方是 had done 的地方一定要用had been doing 。以下是一些過去完成進行式的例子： 1. I had been watching TV before you called me. 2. I had been

本書就已經(jīng)被讀了兩周了。 8. She told me she would have been teaching in that university for 20 years by that summer. 她告訴我到那年夏天她完成進行時和過去將來完成時，還特地把過去將來完成時在那所大學教書就滿20年了。 9. I would have forgotten my mother's birthday if you hadn't reminded me. 如果你不提醒我，我會忘了我媽媽的生日。 10. She would have been travelling for two weeks. 她已經(jīng)旅游2周了。

行時混淆。 現(xiàn)在完成進行時(The present perfect progressive) 由have/has been +-ing 分詞構成； 過去完成進行時（The past perfect progressive tenses ）由had been +-ing 分詞構成． ? 怎么樣，看完成進行時是英語中進行時的其中一種時態(tài)。今天，小編為大家準備了相關的語法知識，將要為大家來講解一下：過去完成進行時的概念和用法以及特殊含義，一起來看看吧！ ? 特別含義 1）尚未完成： He had been writing the novel．（He had not finished it yet．）他一直在寫小說。 2）企圖： He had been studying the meaning of this proverb．（He was trying to study it．）他一直在研究這個諺語的意思。 3）未得結果： We had been studying what our enemy had said．（But we were not able to understand it．）我們一直在研究敵人所說的話。 4）最近情況： He had been quarrelling with his wife．（lately）他一直在和妻子吵架。 5）反復動作： He had been asking me the same question．（Many times）他問過我同樣的問題。 6）情緒： What had he been doing？（不耐煩）他在干什么？ 4特點 這種時態(tài)很少用在否定句中，而多以過去完成時代替： He had not practised English for many years．（普通說法） He had not been practising English for many years．（少見） 這種時態(tài)還可用在said，supposed等引起的間接引語中，代替現(xiàn)在完成進行時： He said，“I have been speaking to John．”= He said that he had been speaking to John． He thought，“She was watching me when I passed．”= He thought that she had been watching him when he had passed． 過去完成進行時經(jīng)常與現(xiàn)在完成進行時混淆。 現(xiàn)在完成進行時(The present perfect progressive) 由have/has been +-ing 分詞構成； 過去完成進行時（The past perfect progressive tenses ）由had been +-ing 分詞構成． ? 怎么樣，看完了這篇文章，大家是不是對過去完成進行時的概念和用法有了初步的了解了呢？喜歡就趕快收藏起來吧~?