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而對(duì)冰島基因庫的貢獻(xiàn)較小。[/cn] [en]"As a species, we are defined by the power of our brains. Education is the training and refining of our mental capacities," said Kari Stefansson, CEO of Icelandic genetics firm deCODE, which ran the study. "Thus, it is [w]fascinating[/w] to find that genetic factors linked to more time spent in education are becoming rarer in the gene pool."[/en][cn]這項(xiàng)研究的發(fā)起人，冰島遺傳學(xué)公司deCODE的首席執(zhí)行官Kari Stefansson說“作為一個(gè)物種，我們的力量皆是大腦所賜，而教育則是鍛煉重塑我們心智的手段，因此探尋到底是什么原因使得基因庫中的在教育上花費(fèi)更過時(shí)間的基因變得稀缺是很有意義的?！盵/cn] [en]To be clear, this does not necessarily mean that humans are getting dumber - we’re going to need a whole lot more evidence to get anywhere near a conclusion like that.[/en][cn]并不能因此就說人類就變得越來越愚鈍——要證明這一點(diǎn)我們還需要更多的研究。[/cn] [en]There’s also the fact that more people are getting access to education than ever before, so even if less educated people are having more offspring, non-genetic factors like more schools could [w]counteract[/w] and even eclipse the effect.[/en][cn]如今有更多的人能接受到教育，所以即使未受教育的人的后代更多，但更普及的學(xué)校教育也可以低效甚至掩蓋基因上的不足。[/cn] [en]But if we look at the trend over the course of several centuries into the future - well beyond the proliferation of schools and training access - the researchers say it could have a significant effect on our species in the long run.[/en][cn]但是如果我們?cè)O(shè)想這樣的趨勢發(fā)展數(shù)百年——教育和培訓(xùn)的普及程度已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)不能稱為影響因素的時(shí)候——研究人員稱這種趨勢就嚴(yán)重影響到人類這個(gè)物種的長久發(fā)展。[/cn] [en]"It is remarkable to report changes ... that are measurable across the several decades covered by this study," the study concludes."In evolutionary time, this is a blink of an eye. However, if this trend persists over many centuries, the impact could be profound."[/en][cn]該項(xiàng)研究稱：“研究并統(tǒng)計(jì)接下來數(shù)十年的變化情況是非常重要的，在人類的進(jìn)化史中，這也許只是一眨眼的功夫，但是如果這種趨勢持續(xù)了幾百年，影響則是十分深遠(yuǎn)的?！盵/cn] 聲明：本雙語文章的中文翻譯系滬江英語原創(chuàng)內(nèi)容，轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。中文翻譯僅代表譯者個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，僅供參考。如有不妥之處，歡迎指正。

[en]Some scientists struggle to observe the most distant stars, while others have spent decades calculating the probability that [w]habitable[/w] planets exist elsewhere in our galaxy. For a pair of Greek researchers, there was a more pressing problem: is it possible to cook chips in space? [/en][cn]有些科學(xué)家致力于觀測最遠(yuǎn)的星球，有些科學(xué)家花費(fèi)數(shù)十年時(shí)間思考在銀河系內(nèi)其他星球定居的可能性，而對(duì)于這群希臘研究者來說，他們思考的問題更為棘手：人類可以在太空里炸薯?xiàng)l嗎？[/cn] [en]The team, from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, have confirmed that chips can be fried — quicker and [w=crunchy]crunchier[/w], in fact — at three times the normal gravitational force, in conditions equivalent to those on Jupiter.[/en][cn]這支來自亞里士多德大學(xué)的研究隊(duì)伍研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在太空里炸薯?xiàng)l是可行的，而且更酥脆，炸熟也更快——如果你是在三倍于地球的引力環(huán)境中炸薯?xiàng)l的話，比如在木星上。[/cn] [en]However, achieving a pleasingly crispy exterior may be more challenging in the reduced gravity conditions on Mars or the Moon, they predict. Thodoris Karapantsios, a chemical engineer who led the study funded by the European Space Agency, devised a hyper-gravity simulator for chips by building a rotating industrial fryer capable of producing centrifugal forces equivalent to nine times the Earth’s gravity. [/en][cn]然而專家們預(yù)測，在火星或月球這樣的低引力環(huán)境中，找到適宜炸出酥脆薯?xiàng)l的環(huán)境就有點(diǎn)困難了?；瘜W(xué)工程師索佐瑞斯·卡拉帕特希奧斯是這個(gè)由歐洲太空總署資助的研究項(xiàng)目的領(lǐng)頭人，他建造了一臺(tái)能夠產(chǎn)生高達(dá)地球引力9倍的高引力的旋轉(zhuǎn)工業(yè)油炸鍋，通過這臺(tái)超引力模擬器來炸薯?xiàng)l。[/cn] [en]In normal conditions, bubbles form in the potato as it fries, which move to the surface because of [w]gravitational[/w] forces once they reach a critical size. This process happens more quickly in high-gravity conditions, improving the rate that heat is transferred from the oil to the potato.[/en][cn]在通常情況下，被油炸膨脹的薯?xiàng)l受到的引力作用減少，會(huì)漂浮到油鍋表面，漂浮的薯?xiàng)l之間亦會(huì)出現(xiàn)氣泡。在高引力環(huán)境下，熱量從油傳遞到土豆條的速度更快，薯?xiàng)l漂浮到表面的速度也就更快。[/cn] [en]In 3g conditions the potato fried twice as quickly as usual and its crust reached its maximum thickness. Any further increase in gravity levels did not improve the chip’s [w]crispness[/w], the researchers found, leading to the conclusion that Jupiter is probably the most efficient place in the solar system to make chips (aside from the fuel required to get there).[/en][cn]在3倍引力的作用下，薯?xiàng)l炸熟的速度比一般情況下要快一倍，薯?xiàng)l表面的酥皮也達(dá)

些小的塑料蓋子一樣，保護(hù)著鞋帶不受磨損。每當(dāng)一個(gè)細(xì)胞瓦解，它的端粒就會(huì)變短一點(diǎn)，直到那些細(xì)胞再也不能重生為止。 [en]As the UK National Health Services explains, for years, dermatologists have been noticing that people who have had acne show signs of ageing

[en]Children whose parents are married have significantly higher [w]self-esteem[/w], according to research [w=unveil]unveiled[/w] by the Marriage Foundation yesterday. The Marriage Foundation is a think-tank which aims to reduce divorce rates. Its previous research has linked family breakdown to poor academic performance in children and mental health issues including depression and anxiety.[/en][cn]婚姻基金會(huì)昨天公布的研究結(jié)果表明，父母已婚的孩子自尊心更強(qiáng)?；橐龌饡?huì)是以減少離婚率為目標(biāo)的一個(gè)智囊團(tuán)。其早先的研究表明，孩子學(xué)習(xí)成績不佳以及抑郁癥和焦慮等心理健康問題與家庭破裂有關(guān)。[/cn] [en]Teenagers of married couples were more confident than those in single-parent families or youngsters whose parents lived together in a stable long-term relationship, it found.[/en][cn]研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，已婚夫婦家庭的青少年比單親家庭或父母未婚而長期同居的青少年更自信。[/cn] [en]Overall, boys with married parents had the highest self-esteem, while girls with co-habiting parents had the lowest.[/en][cn]總的說來，父母已婚的男孩子自尊心最強(qiáng)，而父母未婚同居的女孩子最缺乏自尊心。[/cn] [en]A number of studies have shown that self-esteem is closely related to how secure people feel in their relationships.[/en][cn]大量的研究表明，自尊心與人們對(duì)他們所處關(guān)系的安全感密切相關(guān)。[/cn] [en]It appears that children of married parents are responding to something they see in their parents’ relationships that reflects greater security. Their self-esteem benefits accordingly.[/en][cn]父母已婚的關(guān)系會(huì)為孩子帶來更大的安全感，生活在這樣的家庭中的孩子似乎響應(yīng)了這一點(diǎn)。所以，他們的自尊心也從中受益。[/cn] [en]Former High Court judge Sir Paul Coleridge, said the Government should place more importance on marriage as it sought to tackle ‘a(chǎn) [w]meteoric[/w] rise in family breakdown’. He said: ‘Marriage matters because it is the most important predictor of a child’s future life chances.’[/en][cn]前高級(jí)法院法官保羅·柯勒律治先生指出，政府應(yīng)更加關(guān)注婚姻，力求處理“急速增長的家庭破裂”問題。他說：“婚姻很重要，因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)孩子未來生存機(jī)會(huì)最重要的預(yù)測器。”[/cn] 聲明：本雙語文章的中文翻譯系滬江英語原創(chuàng)內(nèi)容，轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。中文翻譯僅代表譯者個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，僅供參考。如有不妥之處，歡迎指正。

研究

安和法官，但依舊做不到高度準(zhǔn)確。當(dāng)然，想要徹底弄明白法庭審判是否公正，或者正在受審的撒謊者是否真的在說謊，這根本不可能。對(duì)所有的謊言測試來說，這都是個(gè)問題。測謊儀（通過測試受審者的壓力）的結(jié)果也是多變的。即使測謊儀在測試犯罪人員時(shí)的準(zhǔn)確率有85%，但對(duì)于無辜的人，測謊儀的準(zhǔn)確率只有56%。[/cn] [en]The truth is, we all behave slightly differently when we’re dishonest, and there’s no definitive telltale sign that unmasks all liars. But the University of Michigan research can help build a picture of dishonesty.[/en][cn]事實(shí)是，撒謊時(shí)，我們表現(xiàn)的都會(huì)略有不同，并沒有絕對(duì)的跡象能夠使我們揭露騙子。但密歇根大學(xué)的這項(xiàng)研究依舊可以幫我們構(gòu)建一幅撒謊者的畫像。[/cn] 聲明：本雙語文章的中文翻譯系滬江英語原創(chuàng)內(nèi)容，轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。中文翻譯僅代表譯者個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，僅供參考。如有不妥之處，歡迎指正。

要比外部群體對(duì)他們的評(píng)價(jià)要高。[/cn] [en]Also, all of the researcher-taken photos were rated higher than the selfie photos. Plus, the selfie-takers were rated significantly higher on the narcissism scale.[/en][cn]而且，外部群體對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)照（由研究員拍攝）評(píng)價(jià)比自拍照的評(píng)價(jià)要高。另外，大家認(rèn)為自拍控更加自戀。[/cn] [en]The study had a pretty limited sample size, so more

標(biāo)上更加精準(zhǔn)。[/cn] [en]Ein-Dor continued: The average person should take away from our study that personality should be appraised in the correct context.[/en][cn]恩朵繼續(xù)道：“普通人可以從我們的研究中了解到我們應(yīng)該在適當(dāng)?shù)那闆r下評(píng)價(jià)性格。”[/cn] [en]Being anxious is often appraised as maladaptive. We have shown that contrary to the common thought, calmness is [w]maladaptive[/w] in the context of shooting decisions, whereas anxiety is adaptive.[/en][cn]焦慮

研究

在前五位）比那些在低光照環(huán)境下生活的女性（光照強(qiáng)度排在后五位）患上乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)估增加了14%。隨著夜晚戶外光照強(qiáng)度的增加，罹患乳腺癌的幾率也相應(yīng)上漲。[/cn] [en]However, the association between outdoor light at night and breast cancer was found only among women who were [w]premenopausal[/w] and those who were current or past smokers. In addition, the link was stronger among women who worked night shifts, suggesting that exposure to light at night and night shift work contribute jointly to breast cancer risk.[/en][cn]不過，夜晚戶外光照與乳腺癌之間的關(guān)聯(lián)只發(fā)現(xiàn)于那些絕經(jīng)前期的女性以及那些當(dāng)前或過去抽煙的女性。此外，對(duì)于那些上夜班的女性，這種聯(lián)系要更緊密一些，這表示，夜晚暴露于光照下與夜班工作可能會(huì)共同增加罹患乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。[/cn] （翻譯：Dlacus）