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7.2 不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ) ? 1) 動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定式

7.6 不定式作定語(yǔ) ? 　 不定式做定語(yǔ)通常要放在被修飾的詞后。例如： 　　　I have a lot of work to do.　 　　　So he made some candles to give light.

在復(fù)習(xí)中考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，同學(xué)們知道動(dòng)詞后面接不定式和動(dòng)名詞的區(qū)別嗎？一般是在時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn)有一些不同，具體的詳細(xì)解答在下文中都有哦一起來(lái)看下吧~還能學(xué)到很多實(shí)用的詞組哦~

在被修飾的詞后。例如： I have a lot of work to do. So he made some candles to give light. 不定式作狀語(yǔ) 1)目的狀語(yǔ) To… only to (僅僅為了),　in order to,　so as to,　so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……) He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.　他飛不定式快地跑以便趕上第一班車。 I come here only to say good-bye to you.　我來(lái)僅僅是向你告別。 2)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，表事先沒有預(yù)料到的，要放在句子后面。 What have I said to make you angry. He searched the room only to find nothing. 3)　表原因 I’m glad to see you. 典型例題 The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___. A. sit　 B. sit on　 C. be seat　 D. be sat on 答案：B.　如果不定式為不及物動(dòng)詞，其后應(yīng)有必要的介詞。當(dāng)動(dòng)詞與介詞連用時(shí)，常位于"形容詞+動(dòng)詞不定式"結(jié)構(gòu)的末尾。 以上就是英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式的用法總結(jié)，希望可以給大家學(xué)習(xí)帶來(lái)幫助。 如果您對(duì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)感興趣，想要深入學(xué)習(xí)，可以了解滬江網(wǎng)校精品課程，量身定制高效實(shí)用的個(gè)性化學(xué)習(xí)方案，專屬督導(dǎo)全程伴學(xué)。掃一掃定制專屬課程

常有ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, understand, wonder等 6) warned me just now not to water flowers at noon 考點(diǎn)：不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ) 7) invited him to give us a lecture on modern art 考點(diǎn)：同上 (能帶不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, command, compel, enable, determine, encourage, expect, feel, find, force, get, hate, have, hear, help, inform invite, let, like, make, mean, need, notice, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, see, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, watch, wish等。注：劃線的動(dòng)詞后面的不定式不帶to) 8) to be the chairman of students’ union in so large a university 考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞 + it + 形容詞/名詞 + 不定式。it是形式賓語(yǔ)，不定式是真正賓語(yǔ) 9) to apply what we have learned in class to practice 考點(diǎn)：不定式作定語(yǔ) 不定式常不定式 不定式的全稱是“動(dòng)詞不定式”，是一種非限定動(dòng)詞，由不定式符號(hào)to+動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。不定式用作以下名詞/代詞的定語(yǔ)：ability, ambition, anything, attempt, capability, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure,intention,need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something, tendency, time, way, wish等 10) ruined our plan to show the film in the open air 考點(diǎn)：同上 更多節(jié)目請(qǐng)進(jìn)入2010年12月CET6備考小組

不定式作定語(yǔ)通常要放在它所修飾的名詞之后，表示一個(gè)將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，即不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)之后。下面是小編給大家分享的英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞知識(shí)，大家可以作為學(xué)習(xí)的參考。 【1】修飾主語(yǔ)不定式 A:表示一種將要發(fā)生動(dòng)作且是被動(dòng)(to be done結(jié)構(gòu)) The car to be bought is for his sister. The car which will be bought is for his sister. B: 表示一種將要發(fā)生動(dòng)作且是主動(dòng)(to be do結(jié)構(gòu)) The person to meet you at the railway station is called Jack. =The person who will meet you at the railway station is called Jack. C:表示一種正在發(fā)生動(dòng)作且是主動(dòng)(to be doing結(jié)構(gòu))(不定式動(dòng)作發(fā)生講話人之前，且一直都在進(jìn)行之中) The boy to be sleeping in the room is my younger brother. =The boy who is sleeping in the room is my younger brother. D:表示已經(jīng)事先已經(jīng)完成了動(dòng)作(to have been done結(jié)構(gòu)) The building to have been built is our teaching building. =The build which has been built is our teaching building. E:表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在一直都進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(to have been doing結(jié)構(gòu)) The person to have been watching TV in the room is my father. =The person who has been watching TV in the room is my father. 【2】修飾表語(yǔ)的不定式 A:(表示一種習(xí)慣上的泛指或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生動(dòng)作) She is always the first person to come and the last person to leave. B:表示一種已經(jīng)完成動(dòng)作 He was the first person to arrive . =He was the first person who arrived. 【3】修飾賓語(yǔ)的不定式 A:(表示已將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作且是主動(dòng)) I have three letters to post this afternoon .(表示自己郵寄) B:(表示已將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作且是被動(dòng)) I have three letters to be posted this afteroon.(表示別人郵寄) C:He need something to eat .(表示自己吃) 備注：關(guān)于修飾賓語(yǔ)的不定式有以下幾種情況 (1) 如果不定式為不及物動(dòng)詞需要帶上相應(yīng)介詞 He needs a pen to write with We need to find a house to live in (2) 如果修飾為time, way, place可以省略相應(yīng)介詞 He can’t find a place to live (3) 如果不定式為主動(dòng)，則不定式邏輯主語(yǔ)為句子主語(yǔ) She has two children to take care of .(主語(yǔ)自己照顧) (4) 如果不定式為被動(dòng)，則不定式邏輯主語(yǔ)不是句子主語(yǔ) She has two children to be taken care of .(別人幫助主語(yǔ)照顧) 不定式作定語(yǔ)的用法： 不定式做定語(yǔ)通常要放在被修飾的詞后。例如： I have some books for you to read.我有一些書給你看。 We have a lot of homework to do today.今天我們有很多作業(yè)要做。 He hasn’t kept his promise to write to his parents regularly.他沒有信守定期給父母寫信的諾言。 注意：a.作定語(yǔ)的不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作 的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞。例如： He is looking for a room to live in.他在找房子住。 There is nothing to worry about.沒有什么可擔(dān)心的。 Please give me a knife to cut with.請(qǐng)給我一把刀用。 但是,不定式所修飾的名詞是 time，place或 way，不定式后面的介詞習(xí)慣上要省去。例如： He had no money and no place to live.他沒有錢，也沒有房子住。 b.當(dāng)作定語(yǔ)的不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，不定式既可以用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但其含義有所不同.試比較： Have you anything to send? 你有什么東西要寄嗎?(不走式 to send的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是 you) Have you anything to be sent? 你有什么要(我或別人)寄的東西嗎?(不定式 to be sent的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是已被省略的 me或 someone else) c.下列詞語(yǔ)后常接不定式作定語(yǔ)：chance、wish、right、courage、need、promise、time、opportunity、way、the first、the second、the last、the only等。 He is always the first to come and the last to leave.他總是第一個(gè)到，最后一個(gè)走。 I have a lot of work to do. 如何判斷不定式作定語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)還是狀語(yǔ)： 現(xiàn)在，許多網(wǎng)友和英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者，對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題有些模糊不清，我們有必要澄清一下。請(qǐng)對(duì)比以下三個(gè)句子： 1. This is the key to open the front door. 2. I expect my key to open that lock. 3. He used his key to open the door. 句1：to open the front door作定語(yǔ)。但有人認(rèn)為它是目的狀語(yǔ)，這是錯(cuò)誤的。從意思上看，“打開前門”是修飾“鑰匙”的，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)作定語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)法上看它不可能修飾系動(dòng)詞is，所以不是狀語(yǔ)。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，在表語(yǔ)后面的不定式都是定語(yǔ)，不是狀語(yǔ)。 句2：open that lock是賓補(bǔ)，修飾my key。因?yàn)閗ey做了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞expect的賓語(yǔ)，而在邏輯上又跟不定式是主謂關(guān)系，所以是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。不定式作賓補(bǔ)是有條件的，在“動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，必須具備上述要求才可以。除了expect外，類似的動(dòng)詞還有：ask, want, wish, order, tell, persuade, advise, allow, warn, encourage, cause, require, let, have, make, see, watch, notice, observe等。 句3：to open the door是目的狀語(yǔ)，不是賓補(bǔ)。這個(gè)句子看起來(lái)與句2非常相似，但正是由于兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)不一樣，才出現(xiàn)了兩種不同的成分。在這個(gè)句子中，to open the door是主語(yǔ)He發(fā)出的，his key跟 to open the door不存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，不定式是He used his key的目的, 所以它是目的狀語(yǔ)。廣義上的目的狀語(yǔ)，不一定非要翻譯成“為了……”，只有在不定式前加了in order 或so as強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，才突出目的。 此外，不定式還可作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)(She hurried to the station only to be told the train had gone.)或原因狀語(yǔ)(I am delighted to receive your email.)。 【特別說(shuō)明】 在英語(yǔ)中，狀語(yǔ)是一個(gè)非常龐大的句子成分，其主要作

不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，因此，在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、表在被修飾的詞語(yǔ)之后。例如： I have a lot of work to do. 我有許多事情要做。 五、不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)不定式短語(yǔ)放在后面。例如： It is right to give up smoking. 戒煙是有益的。 六、作表語(yǔ)。例如： To him，the first important thing was to save lives. 對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)，最重要的事情就是拯救生命。 His wish is to become a scientist. 他的愿望是當(dāng)一名科學(xué)家。 七、動(dòng)詞不定式用在疑問(wèn)詞how，when，where，what，which等之后，作賓語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如： He taught us how to use a computer. 他教我們?nèi)绾问褂糜?jì)算機(jī)。 I don't know where to go？ 我不知道去哪里。

不定式的內(nèi)容。動(dòng)詞不定式是一種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式

用車的時(shí)候，鎖車是有必要的。 2) It's very kind of you to help us.　他幫助我們，他真好。 Kind,　nice,　 stupid,　rude,　 clever,　foolish,　thoughtful,　thoughtless,　brave,　considerate(考慮周到的),　silly,　 selfish(自私的) 例句: 　　　It was silly of us to believe him.　我們真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。 　　　It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything.　他不給他們?nèi)魏螙|西，這顯得太自不定式私了。 注意：1) 其他系動(dòng)詞如，look，appear等也可用于此句型 　　　2) 不定式作為句子成分時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 　　　3) 當(dāng)不定式作主語(yǔ)的句子中又有一個(gè)不定式作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，不能用It is… to…的句型 　　　　(對(duì))To see is to believe.　百聞不如一見。 　　　　(錯(cuò))It is to believe to see.

西都保持整潔。 　I like you to keep everything tidy.　我喜歡你年使每件東不定式作賓語(yǔ) ? 1) 動(dòng)詞+ 不定式西都保持整潔。 I want to speak to Tom.　 我想和湯姆談話。 I want you to speak to Tom.　 我想讓你和湯姆談話。 3） 動(dòng)詞+疑問(wèn)詞+ to decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell 　　Please show us how to do that. 請(qǐng)演示給我們?nèi)绾稳プ觥?　　There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy.有這么多的錄音機(jī)，我都拿不定主意買哪一種。 注意:疑問(wèn)詞帶不定式在句中作成分時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 　　 The question is how to put it into practice. 　　 問(wèn)題是怎樣把它付諸實(shí)施。