Few devices know more personal details about people than the smartphones in their pockets: phone numbers, current location, often the owner's real name even a unique ID number that can never be changed or turned off.

These phones don't keep secrets. They are sharing this personal data widely and regularly, a Wall Street Journal investigation has found.An examination of 101 popular smartphone 'apps' games and other software 　 showed that 56 transmitted the phone's unique device ID to other companies without users' awareness or consent. Five sent age, gender and other personal details to outsiders.

The findings reveal the intrusive effort by online-tracking companies to gather personal data about people in order to flesh out detailed dossiers on them.

The versions of Pandora, a popular music app, sent age, gender, location and phone identifiers to various ad networks. A game called Paper Toss players try to throw paper wads into a trash can each sent the phone's ID number to at least five ad companies. Grindr, an iPhone app for meeting gay men, sent gender, location and phone ID to three ad companies.

'In the world of mobile, there is no anonymity,' says Michael Becker of the Mobile Marketing Association. A cellphone is 'always with us. It's always on.'

Cellphone company says it reviews each app before offering it to users. Both Apple and Google say they protect users by requiring apps to obtain permission before revealing certain kinds of information, such as location.

'We have created strong privacy protections for our customers, especially regarding location-based data,' says one cellphone company. 'Privacy and trust are vitally important.'

The Journal found that these rules can be skirted.

《華爾街日報》的一項調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些手機并不懂得守口如瓶，它們廣泛而定期地共用這些私人信息。對101個熱門的智能手機“應(yīng)用程序”(游戲和其他軟體程序)所做的測試表明，有56個應(yīng)用程序在用戶不知情或未經(jīng)其許可的情況下把手機獨有的序列號信息傳輸出去，其中5個甚至向外界發(fā)送用戶的年齡、性別和其他個人信息。

這些事實表明，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息跟蹤公司正在肆無忌憚地收集人們的私人信息，目的是形成詳盡的用戶檔案。

其中，一個熱門音樂應(yīng)用程序“潘朵拉”(Pandora)會把用戶的年齡、性別、位置和手機序列號發(fā)送給各個廣告網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司?！叭蛹垐F”(Paper Toss) 游戲──即在熒屏上讓玩家把紙團扔到一個垃圾桶里──會把手機序列號至少發(fā)送給5家公司。一個男同性戀交友應(yīng)用程序Grindr將用戶性別、位置和手機序列號發(fā)送給3家廣告公司。

行業(yè)組織“手機行銷協(xié)會”的邁克爾·貝克表示，在手機的世界里，沒有匿名這一說。手機永遠(yuǎn)跟隨我們，永遠(yuǎn)保持連接狀態(tài)。

手機生產(chǎn)廠家表示，公司在把應(yīng)用程序推向用戶前會逐一進(jìn)行審核。蘋果和谷歌公司都表示，他們保護用戶隱私資訊，要求應(yīng)用程序在向外界發(fā)送位置等特定類型的信息前，必須征求用戶的許可。

一家手機生產(chǎn)商說，我們?yōu)轭櫩吞峁┝撕軓姷碾[私保護措施，尤其是在有關(guān)位置的資料方面。隱私和信任極其重要。

《華爾街日報》的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些隱私保護措施都是可以繞過去的。