英語中,為了專門表示假設(shè)的意義和其他與事實(shí)相反的內(nèi)容,特采用虛擬式來表示。談到虛擬式,相信很多人都知道它可以用動(dòng)詞的過去式表示。但是,對(duì)“動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成的虛擬式,卻有些陌生,也有很多不解。下面,就由小編細(xì)細(xì)為大家道來~

用“動(dòng)詞原形”表示的虛擬句,就是無論主語怎么變,動(dòng)詞一律保持原形不變,及“以不變應(yīng)萬變”。主要有以下幾種情況:

一、用于表示命令、決定、建議等詞語之后that-分句中:

1. 動(dòng)詞:用在decide, decree, demand, insist, move, order, prefer, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest, vote等動(dòng)詞后的從句中。

The teacher ordered that all the books be sent to the office. 老師命令到所有書本要送到辦公室。

She insisted that she go to the south in the summer vacation. 她堅(jiān)持暑假去南方。

We propose that Li Hua take the chair. 我們建議李華當(dāng)主席。

2. 形容詞:用在advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, important, possible, necessary等形容詞后的從句中:

?It is essential that we be healthy. 我們的健康很重要。

It is advisable that these regulations be abolished. 取消這些規(guī)則的說法是可行的。

It is necessary that we study English well. 我們將英語學(xué)好很必要。

3. 名詞:用在decision,decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement等名詞后的從句中:

Our teacher gives us an instruction that all the homework be done like that. 老師告訴我們所有作業(yè)都要那樣做。

He gives me advice that I do the homework first. 他建議我先做家庭作業(yè)。

The demand that all students stand there isn’t proper. 讓學(xué)生站那兒的要求是不合理的。

注意:以上的用法均可以與“should+動(dòng)詞原形”和“to do”形式替換運(yùn)用。如:

The teacher ordered that all the books be sent to the office.

=The teacher ordered that all the books should be sent to the office.

=The teacher ordered all the books to be sent to the office.

二、If、only等引導(dǎo)的從句中:

If, though, whatever, lest, so long as等引導(dǎo)的分句,表示推測(cè)、讓步、防備等含義。

If the man be found guilty, he shall have the right of appeal. 若是被發(fā)現(xiàn)有罪,這個(gè)男的將有申訴權(quán)。

Whether she be right or wrong, she will have our unswerving support. 不管她對(duì)錯(cuò)與否,我們都一如既往地支持她。

注:在非正式語體中,以上句子還可以用should+動(dòng)詞原形。

三、用于某些固定說法中:表示祝愿、詛咒、禁止等意義。

??God bless you! 上帝保佑!

??So be it. 就這樣吧!但愿如此。

??Suffice it to say that …只需要說 …就夠了。

??Far be it from ?…遠(yuǎn)不 …

??Home is home, be it ever so homely. 家就是家,不管它是多么平凡。