? ? ? 狀語從句,在我們九年級的時候就已經(jīng)接觸過,隨著學習的深入,對于從句的學習的也是不斷的深入。這么多種從句,在翻譯的時候分別怎樣翻譯,相信大家都很想知道。
?一、時間狀語從句
? ? ? ?1. 譯成相應(yīng)的時間狀語
? ? ? ?1) 與原文順序一致
? ? ? ?While she spoke, the tears were running down.
? ? ? ?她說話時,淚水直流。
? ? ? ?2) 后置改前置
? ? ? ?Please turn off the light when you leave the room.
? ? ? ?離屋時請關(guān)燈。
? ? ? ?2. 譯成“剛(一)……就……”的句式:
? ? ? ?When I reached the beach, I collapsed.
? ? ? ?我一游到海灘,就昏倒了。
? ? ? ?3. 譯成并列的分句:
? ? ? ?1) 譯文前置
? ? ? ?They set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid.
? ? ? ?他還沒有交贖金,他們就把他釋放了。
? ? ? ?2) 后置不變
? ? ? ?I was about to speak when Mr. Smith cut in.
? ? ? ?我正想講,史密斯先生就插嘴了。
? 二、原因狀語從句
? ? ? ?1. 譯成表“因”的分句:
? ? ? ?1) “因”在“果”之前
? ? ? ?The crops failed because the season was dry.
? ? ? ?因為氣候干旱,作物歉收。
? ? ? ?2) “果”在“因”之前
? ? ? ?She could get away with anything, because she looked such a baby.
? ? ? ?她能渡過任何風險,因為她看上去簡直還像娃娃模樣。
? ? ? ?2. 譯成因果偏正復(fù)句中的主句:
? ? ? ?Pure iron is not used in industry because it is too soft.
? ? ? ?純鐵太軟,所以不用在工業(yè)上。
? ? ? ?Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion.
? ? ? ?他深信這件事正確可靠,因此堅持己見。
? ? ? ?3. 譯成無關(guān)聯(lián)詞的因果關(guān)系并列分句:
? ? ? ?Where there is sound, there must be sound waves.
? ? ? ?哪里有聲音,哪里就必有聲波。
? ? ? ?After all, it did not matter much, because in 24 hours, they were going to be free.
? ? ? ?反正關(guān)系不大,24小時以后他們就自由了。
?三、表示條件的狀語從句
? ? ? ?1. 譯成表示條件的分句,漢語一般前置:
? ? ? ?When this question is answered, even better and cheaper magnetic materials can be developed.
? ? ? ?如果這一問題得到解決,就能研制出更好、更便宜的磁性材料。
? ? ? ?2. 譯成表示“假設(shè)”的分句,一般前置:
? ? ? ?If one of them collapsed, as they often did, the guide used to carry him over the mountains.
? ? ? ?如果其中一個人垮了,這種事常在他們中間發(fā)生,向?qū)Ь鸵持^山,
? ? ? ?3. 譯成補充說明情況的分句,一般后置:
? ? ? ?You can drive tonight if you are ready.
? ? ? ?你今晚就可以出車,如果你愿意的話。
?四、表示讓步的狀語從句
? ? ? ?1. 譯成表示“讓步”的分句,一般前置:
? ? ? ?While this is true of some, it is not true of all.
? ? ? ?雖有部分如此,但不見得全部如此。
? ? ? ?I still think that you made a mistake while l admit what you say.
? ? ? ?就算你說得對,我仍認為你做錯了。
? ? ? ?2. 譯成表示“無條件”的條件分句,一般前置:
? ? ? ?Plugged into the intercommunication system, the man can now communicate with the rest of the crew no matter what noise is going on about him.
? ? ? ?不管周圍是多么喧鬧,插頭一接上機內(nèi)通話系統(tǒng),他就能和同機其余的人通話。
?五、表示目的的狀語從句
? ? ? ?1. 譯成表示“目的”的前置分句,常用“為了”等引導:
? ? ? ?They stepped into a helicopter and flew high in the sky in order that they might have a bird's eye view of the city 。
? ? ? ?為了對這個城市作一鳥瞰,他們跨進直升機,凌空飛行。
? ? ? ?2. 譯成表示“目的”的后置分句,常用“?。猓┑谩薄ⅰ耙悦狻?、“以便”、“使得”、“生怕”等引導:
? ? ? ?The murderer ran away as fast as he could so that he might not be caught.
? ? ? ?兇手盡快地跑開,以免被人抓住。
? ? ? 不同類型的從句,翻譯方法也是各不相同。我們要在掌握從句的基礎(chǔ)上對翻譯方法進行更好的掌握。