規(guī)則(1):兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞是不能聯(lián)在一起用的。

在中文,我們常說(shuō)"我是愛(ài)你的",翻成英文,這就變成了

* I am love you.

滑稽的是,這句英文句子犯了大忌,因?yàn)楱攁m〞是動(dòng)詞,〝love〞也是動(dòng)詞,兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞是不能聯(lián)在一起用的。這句話的正確說(shuō)法是:

I love you. 或者? I am in love with you.

我們中國(guó)人也會(huì)說(shuō)〝我喜歡看電視〞,翻成英文,這變成

* I love watch television.

這個(gè)句子也犯了同樣的錯(cuò)。

以下幾個(gè)句子都是錯(cuò)的,因?yàn)檫@些句子中都有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞連在一起的情形:

*I hate eat fish.

*I love play basketball.

*I love swim.

如果你一定要講"我愛(ài)游泳",怎么辦呢?請(qǐng)看以下的規(guī)則。

規(guī)則(2):如一定要同時(shí)用兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞,后者的前面必須加"to"或者將后者加入"ing"。

"我愛(ài)游泳",因此有兩種正確的譯法:

I love to swim.

I love swimming.

以下的句子都是正確的:

I hate to eat fish.

I hate eating fish.

I love to play basketball.

I love playing basketball

I? keep? going? to? church.

規(guī)則(3):主詞如果是第三人稱,現(xiàn)在式及單數(shù),動(dòng)詞必須加s.

我們中國(guó)人最不容易記得的規(guī)則,恐怕就是這一條了,以下的句子都是錯(cuò)的。

* He write very well.

* Jack love playing the violin.

* Mary swim every day.

正確的句子是:

He writes very well.

Jack loves playing the violin.

Mary swims every day.

規(guī)則(4):絕大多數(shù)的否定的句子,不能直接加"not"。

我們中文對(duì)否定語(yǔ)氣,規(guī)則極為簡(jiǎn)單,我們可以說(shuō)"我不愛(ài)你",但是我們不能說(shuō)

* I not love you.

我們也不能說(shuō):

* I not saw that movie.

* I not like swimming.

* He not likes playing violin.

我們必須用一種助動(dòng)詞來(lái)完成否定的句子,以下才是正確的否定句子:

I do not love you.

I did not see that movie.

He does not like playing violin.

請(qǐng)注意,在以上的句子中,do和did都是助動(dòng)詞,do是現(xiàn)在式,did是過(guò)去式。

關(guān)于現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式,究竟是怎么一回事,以后我們會(huì)解釋清楚的。

助動(dòng)詞不限于"do"和它的變型,can、will、would、shall、may、must等等都是助動(dòng)詞,因此,以下的英文句子又都是對(duì)的:

He can not swim.

They will not go to church tomorrow.

Mary should not go to the party.

I shall not see you.

He may not go out tonight.

He must not eat meat any more.

規(guī)則(5):在不定詞"to"的后面,必須用原形動(dòng)詞

英文中的動(dòng)詞,是會(huì)變化的,以have為例,第一人稱和第三人就不同:

I have a dog.He has a dog.

如果是過(guò)去式,動(dòng)詞又要變化。have的過(guò)去式是had,不論第幾人稱,一概都要用had。

幾乎每一個(gè)英文動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式都有變化,以下是幾個(gè)例子:

現(xiàn)在式 過(guò)去式

go went

come came

eat ate

play played

swim swam

不論那一個(gè)動(dòng)詞,都有一個(gè)原形動(dòng)詞,一切都是從這個(gè)原形動(dòng)詞變出來(lái)的,像go、drink、have、walk、love、like等等都是原形動(dòng)詞。

如果我們有必要要用不定詞to,就必須用原形動(dòng)詞,例如to go、to drink、to have,都是正確的,*to went;*to drank;*to loved等等都是錯(cuò)的。

英文中有一個(gè)動(dòng)詞最為麻煩,那就是am、are、is、was、were等等,翻譯成中文,這都是,而這些動(dòng)詞的來(lái)源都是be,所以我們說(shuō)這些動(dòng)詞都是verb to be。

以下的句子都用上了〝be〞

I want to be a teacher.

He wants to be a good father.

They all love to be rich.

No one likes to be poor.