英語中，主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)在相互轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)，在句法上有很多技巧。下面就跟著小編一起來看看吧

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大多數(shù)的SOV, SVoO, SVOC結(jié)構(gòu)的主動(dòng)句都可以轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)句，轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則如下：

a)?當(dāng)主動(dòng)句為SOV結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，將主動(dòng)句的賓語變成被動(dòng)句的主語并將隨后的主動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞組變成被動(dòng)詞詞組，原來的主語可放在隨后的by-詞組中，如不需要突出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，也可不要by-詞組。

例如：

They punished the criminal. →?The criminal was punished.

All the six senators signed the bill (法案). → The bill was signed by all six senators.

b) 如果主動(dòng)句帶有情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞或半助動(dòng)詞，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或半助動(dòng)詞保持不變，隨后的不定式由主動(dòng)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)態(tài)。

例如：

They must have finished their work. → Their work must have been finished.

They should do the work at once. → The work should be done at once.

c) 如果主動(dòng)句是SVoO結(jié)構(gòu)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí)可有兩種形式：

一種是以間接賓語作主語；另一種是以直接賓語作主語。

例如：

They offered him some assistance.

→ He was offered some assistance.

→ Some assistance was offered (to) him.

d) 如果主語句是SVOC結(jié)構(gòu)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí)，將原來的賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)態(tài)變被動(dòng)態(tài)，原來的賓語補(bǔ)語變?yōu)橹髡Z補(bǔ)語。

例如：

We have painted the windows white.

→The windows have been painted white.

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不同的句式有不同的轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則，大家要用心記憶，趕快收藏吧~