詞匯：

1. mental experiences 精神感受
2. discharge 釋放
3. negligible 微小的，可以忽略不計(jì)的
4. manifold 多種多樣的，多方面
5. neuron 神經(jīng)元/細(xì)胞
6. neural （中樞）神經(jīng)的（系統(tǒng)）
7. qualitative diversity 質(zhì)的多樣性，量變的
8. disprove 反駁，反證
9. homogeneous 相似的
10. sensory nerve 感覺神經(jīng)
11. cortical 外皮的，皮質(zhì)的
12. cerebral cortex 大腦皮層
13. locus 地點(diǎn)，區(qū)域
14. psychoneural 精神神經(jīng)
15. heterogeneous 異源的，異種的，異體的
16. spatiotenporal 時(shí)空的

難句譯注：

1. Such variations in size, shape, chemistry, conduction speed, excitation threshold, and the like ashad been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlationwith the manifold dimensions of mental experience.
[結(jié)構(gòu)分析] 句型為such…as 可as 具有關(guān)系代詞作用，此處作從句中had been demonstrated 的主語。
[參考譯文] 神經(jīng)細(xì)胞中所顯示的諸如在尺寸，形狀，化學(xué)，神經(jīng)脈沖中傳導(dǎo)速度，激發(fā)界限等方面的那種變化差異對多方面的精神感受可能有聯(lián)系來說仍然意義不大。

2. It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neurontypes; however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its conduction was influencedby these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neuralcircuits.
[參考譯文] 有可能用其他辦法來顯示神經(jīng)類型之間細(xì)微的結(jié)構(gòu)差異。可是，缺乏證據(jù)證實(shí)脈沖的或者其脈沖傳導(dǎo)的質(zhì)量受這些差別的影響。相反，這種質(zhì)量看起來它卻影響了中樞神經(jīng)循環(huán)的進(jìn)展模式。

3. In one experiment, when an electric stimulus was applied to a given sensory field of the cerebralcortex of a conscious human subject, it produced a sensation of the appropriate modality for thatparticular locus, that is, a visual sensation from the visual cortex, an auditory sensation from theauditory cortex, and so on.
[結(jié)構(gòu)分析] 主從句。后面跟解釋性同位語：that is ……。
[參考譯文] 在一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，當(dāng)電刺激作用于有意識(shí)的人體大腦皮層的某個(gè)感覺部位，它對這個(gè)特定部位產(chǎn)生一種恰如其分的感覺道，也就是說，視覺來自視覺皮層，聽覺來自聽皮層，以此類推。

4. Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size, number, arrangement, andinterconnection of the nerve cells, but as for as psychoneural correlations were concerned, theobvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than anyof the minute differences.
[參考譯文] 其他實(shí)驗(yàn)揭示了神經(jīng)細(xì)胞在尺寸，數(shù)目，排列和相互聯(lián)結(jié)上的細(xì)微變化。可是，就精神神經(jīng)相互關(guān)系而論，這些感覺部位相互之間明顯的相似性似乎比任何細(xì)微差異更為明顯多。

5. In short, Brain theory suggested a correlation between mental experience and the activity ofrelatively homogenous nerve-cell units conducting essentially homogeneous impulses throughhomogeneous cerebral tissue.
[參考譯文] 總之，大腦理論說明精神感覺和相對相似的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞單位的活動(dòng)有關(guān)系。這種活動(dòng)通過相似的大腦皮層組織傳導(dǎo)的基本相似的脈沖。

寫作方法與文章大意：

文章是對“大腦神經(jīng)活動(dòng)和精神感受關(guān)系的探討?！辈捎脮r(shí)空寫法。先從1950年，探索兩者關(guān)系的結(jié)果令人沮喪談起。在臨近本世紀(jì)轉(zhuǎn)折時(shí)期，由赫林提出的不同的感覺態(tài)可能和某種神經(jīng)能量有關(guān)。經(jīng)過一系列理論和經(jīng)驗(yàn)探索，最后得出大腦理論說明神經(jīng)感受和相對相似的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞單位活動(dòng)有關(guān)的結(jié)論。這是一種通過相似的大腦結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)相似脈沖的活動(dòng)。